European IntelCities (Intelligent Cities) project of the European Union (EU) "is a research and technological development project to pool advanced knowledge and experience of electronic government, planning systems and citizen participation from across Europe.The project is being led by Manchester City Council (UK) and the City of Sienna (Italy). It brings together eighteen European cities, twenty ICT companies (including Nokia and CISCO) and thirty-six research groups."
http://www.intelcitiesproject.com/wcm-site/jsps/index.jsp?type=page&cid=5046&lg=EN